European Union

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Title	Abbreviation	Reference	Key provisions for digital assets
Regulation on markets in crypto-assets	MiCA	Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of 31 May 2023, OJ L 150, 9 June 2023	Titles III and IV (asset-referenced and e-money tokens, applicable from 30 June 2024), Title V (crypto-asset service providers, from 30 December 2024), Art. 143 (transitional periods to 1 July 2026 at the latest); Part O.
Regulation on information accompanying transfers of funds and certain crypto-assets	Transfer of Funds Regulation; TFR	Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 of 31 May 2023	Travel rule for crypto-asset transfers in the EU; Part O.
Regulation on a pilot regime for market infrastructures based on DLT	DLT Pilot Regime	Regulation (EU) 2022/858 of 30 May 2022	Temporary exemptions for DLT trading and settlement systems; Part O.
Directive on administrative cooperation in taxation (eighth amendment)	DAC8	Directive (EU) 2023/2226 of 17 October 2023	Reporting by crypto-asset service providers from 1 January 2026, implementing CARF in EU law; Parts G and O.
Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive	5AMLD	Directive (EU) 2018/843 of 30 May 2018	Exchange and custodian wallet providers as obliged entities; Part O.
Anti-Money Laundering Regulation	AMLR	Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 of 31 May 2024	Single rulebook including crypto-asset service providers, applicable from 10 July 2027; Part O.
Council Regulation concerning restrictive measures in view of Russia's actions destabilising Ukraine	Regulation 833/2014	Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 as amended	Art. 5b (prohibition of crypto-asset wallet, account and custody services to Russian persons); Part F.

For general information only. This article does not constitute legal or tax advice, does not replace advice on an individual case and creates no lawyer-client relationship. It reflects the legal position as of October 2026.

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Dr Alexander Ressos, TEP

Of Counsel, KGP Legal LLC

I am Of Counsel with KGP Legal LLC in Singapore, where I work with a global client base of successful entrepreneurs and their families, independent asset managers, commodity trading houses and other commercial clients. I am a German and Swiss attorney-at-law, also admitted as a solicitor in England & Wales and in Hong Kong. I divide my time between Zug in Switzerland, Singapore and Hong Kong. Since 2017 I have advised international clients on more than 700 crypto and digital asset projects. I also have extensive experience in cross-border litigation and arbitration in Singapore, Hong Kong and other markets in South-East Asia and Greater China.

I operate across the key financial centres in South-East Asia, the Middle East and Switzerland, with a particular focus on asset protection, international tax and estate planning, as well as trusts, company administration and other fiduciary services. My philosophy is to serve as a trusted advisor working closely with my clients and to help them achieve their commercial objectives.

All Singapore law advice is provided through KGP Legal LLC, an established and duly licensed firm of Singapore advocates and solicitors.

KGP Legal LLC is a medium-sized law firm in Singapore that is capable of providing the full range of legal services and corporate administration work. Please contact me if you need any further information.

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SingaporeIQ is edited by Dr Alexander Ressos, an international business lawyer with more than 15 years of local experience in Singapore as a permanent resident, a Singapore registered foreign lawyer and managing partner of a Singapore foreign law practice. In addition to significant experience in cross-border investments and transactions, UHNWI private client work and sanctions/export controls, Dr Ressos has extensive experience in cross-border business and in crypto and digital-asset projects in Singapore, drawn from more than 700 projects since 2017.

If you are planning a company incorporation, an investment, a holding structure or a market entry through Singapore, you can reach Dr Ressos directly at [email protected]. Singapore law advice is provided by KGP Legal LLC, a licensed firm of Singapore advocates and solicitors. Dr Ressos and his team facilitate the full range of Singapore legal, compliance and company administration services, including company incorporation, corporate transactions, commercial contracts, crypto and digital assets, financial regulatory work and dispute resolution, including litigation in the Singapore courts. For Hong Kong, our parallel site HongkongIQ.com offers the same practical guidance. For crypto and digital assets, dltreg.com covers legal, tax and fiduciary services. For legal, tax and fiduciary services in Switzerland, see helveticaregister.com.