Trade, commodities and shipping
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- commodity – 大宗商品 (dàzōng shāngpǐn) – komoditi: a standardised raw material such as oil, metals or grain that is traded in bulk.
- commodity trading – 大宗商品贸易 (dàzōng shāngpǐn màoyì) – perdagangan komoditi: the purchase, transport and resale of raw materials, often combined with hedging and financing (Part G).
- trading house – 贸易公司 (màoyì gōngsī) – syarikat perdagangan: a firm that buys, ships and sells commodities on its own account across markets (Chapter G.V).
- Global Trader Programme (GTP) – 全球贸易商计划 (Quánqiú Màoyìshāng Jìhuà) – Program Pedagang Global: the incentive scheme that grants a concessionary tax rate to qualifying international trading companies (Chapter G.I).
- crude oil – 原油 (yuányóu) – minyak mentah: unrefined petroleum, the main raw material of Singapore’s refining industry (Chapter G.II).
- refinery – 炼油厂 (liànyóu chǎng) – kilang penapisan minyak: an installation that processes crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks (Chapter G.II).
- benchmark price – 基准价格 (jīzhǔn jiàgé) – harga penanda aras: a published price assessment used as the reference for contracts, such as the Singapore assessments for fuel oil (Chapter G.II).
- bunkering – 加油服务 (jiāyóu fúwù) – pembunkeran: the supply of fuel to ships, a field in which Singapore is the world’s largest port (Chapter G.III).1
- bunker fuel – 船用燃料 (chuányòng ránliào) – bahan api bunker: fuel oil used to power ships, today increasingly blended with biofuels or replaced by LNG and methanol.
- liquefied natural gas (LNG) – 液化天然气 (yèhuà tiānránqì) – gas asli cecair: natural gas cooled to liquid form for transport by ship (Chapter G.IV).
- palm oil – 棕油 (zōngyóu) – minyak sawit: a vegetable oil produced mainly in Indonesia and Malaysia, much of it traded through Singapore (Chapter G.IV).
- transhipment – 转运 (zhuǎnyùn) – pemindahan kapal: the transfer of cargo from one ship to another at an intermediate port.
- charterparty – 租船合同 (zūchuán hétong) – perjanjian sewa kapal: a contract for the hire of a ship or of its cargo space for a voyage or a period.
- marine insurance – 海上保险 (hǎishàng bǎoxiǎn) – insurans marin: insurance against loss of or damage to ships, cargo and freight.
- free trade zone – 自由贸易区 (zìyóu màoyì qū) – zon perdagangan bebas: a fenced area in which goods may be stored and handled without customs duties until they enter the domestic market.
- free trade agreement – 自由贸易协定 (zìyóu màoyì xiédìng) – perjanjian perdagangan bebas: a treaty that removes tariffs and other barriers to trade between its parties.
- carbon credit – 碳信用 (tàn xìnyòng) – kredit karbon: a tradable certificate that represents the reduction or removal of one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (Chapter K.II).
- carbon tax – 碳税 (tàn shuì) – cukai karbon: a tax on greenhouse gas emissions, levied in Singapore on large emitters (Chapter K.II).
- regional headquarters – 区域总部 (qūyù zǒngbù) – ibu pejabat serantau: the office from which a multinational company manages its business in a region (Chapter I.I).
Notes
- PRPM shows two entries for “bunkering” in its term lists. Chinese 船用燃料加注 (chuányòng ránliào jiāzhù) is also used. ↩
For general information only. This article does not constitute legal or tax advice, does not replace advice on an individual case and creates no lawyer-client relationship. It reflects the legal position as of October 2026.